Heating furnace



Aug. 1s, 1925.1

L. A. SANFORD HEATING FURNACE Filed Augf24. 1922 s sheets-sneer 2 45 lol/71s 4150/7722450/ Aug. 1a, 192s. 1549x893 L.. A. SANFORD HEATING FURNACE Filed Aug. 24. 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 @mi ,g /0 /0 4 5. 36 7 8 r l v 4 o x7/7 f /71 J5 of 35 D c v 44 n n \a/ ze 43 43 "a l L f 29 *.8 .37

Patented Aug. 18, 1925.

LOUIS A. SANFORD, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

HEATING FURNAGE.

Application levd August 24, 1922. Serial' No. 583,946.

city of Chicago, in the county of Cook and the State of Illinois, have invented certain i new and useful Improvements `in Heating Furnaces, 'of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part thereof.

The purpose of this invention is to provide improvements in domestic heating furnaces, with especial regard to light weight, portability, economy of manufacture, and case of assembling and setting up in position for use, by unskilled hands. lWith this purpose in View I have designed a furnace that may be constructed almost entirely of sheet metal and commercial rolled bars, the main frames and the large side walls being made in sections, and bolts being largely employed as fasteners. This furnace, in the forni illustratedin the drawings, has been designed for burning either logs or coal. The invention, therefore, consists in various features and `elements of construction and their combination as hereinafter described and shown in the drawings and as indicated by the claims.

In theldrawings:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of afurnace i embodying the invention.

Figure 2 is a partial top view, Figure 3 is a front elevation. i Figure 4 is a vertical sectional view,taken at line 4-4 on Figure 3, with portions ad.l

jacent the top and bottom of the furnace broken out, and a side lining slab omitted.

Figure 5 is a horizontal sectional view taken at line 5-5 on Figure 4, with parts broken away to more fully expose the grates. Figure 6 is a vertical sectional view, taken through the central outlet at the top of the furnace.

Figure 7 is a detail view taken at line 7--7 on Figure 6.

Figure 8 is a detail view taken at line 8-8 on Figure 3.

As shown in the drawings, my general plan of construction is to employprincipally, flat sheet metal plates mounted upon rectangular frames composed of standard angleand channel bars. Referring first to the general arrangement of parts as shown, the two intakes 9 for the air to be heated are shown on Figure 5; the eduction pipes 10 -for the heated air are shown in Figures 2 and-4, these being at the top of the furnace; and the smoke pipe 12 is connected to athimble 13 located at one endof the furnace, somewhat below the verticalcenter.

The front wall of the furnaceis set in a frame comprising upright corner bars 14 and a transverse bar 15, these three bars being of channel section, and fastened together with splice-plates 16, secured to the crossbars with rivets 17, and to the posts with bolts 18, for detachability.` The lower ends of the uprights are attached to a floor plate. 19, by means of angle bars 20, which are also secured t0 the side walls 21. The construction just described is duplicated at the oppositeend of the furnace, the angle bar frame 14-15 supporting the rear end wall22, which is shown in elevation in Figure 6,`as seen from the inner side.

On Figure 8 are shown the stoking door 23 and the ashpit door 24. The former is mounted in a gap in the front wall, and hinged on a pin 26 supported by lugs 27. Above and below this door are horizontal angle bars 28, to stilfenthe lower edge of the upper panel and the upper edge of the lower panel of the front wall. These anels are sheet metal, and each is provide with vertical flanges 29 fastened to heavy upright inner walls 30 with bolts 31. Thev ashpit door 24 is hinged on a vertical pin 32 supported by lugs 33, and has air intake ports 34 therein. The top plate 6 of the furnace is secured to the side walls 21 by means of angle bars 7 and bolts 8. The outer side walls of the furnace are each made in three sections 21, as shown. The upper edges of the top sections are secured with bolts 35 to short angles 86, riveted totop bars 15. The lower edge of each top panel is stiffened by an angle bar 37, which meets a like angle bar 38 on the upper edge of the middle sec-l tion. Said angle bars are held together cle-1 tachably` with bolts 39. The middle and lower sections 21 are similarly united by bars 40 and 41 connected by bolts 42, .The

side walls 21 are secured t0 the. post bars 14 by bolts 43, whereby the side walls are detachable from the post bars.

The combustion chamber or re boX is formed by vertical walls 30 and a top wall Figure A 4, the ends of the top plate 44, marked .46, are ksecured to the lower flanges of horizontal bars l5 by bolts 47. For protecting the side walls 80 from` the heatv of combustion, where coal is to' be employed as fuel, the lower portions of said walls are lined with thin slabs or plates, 48, of refractory material. Desirably, these plates are moulded in rectangular frames built of angle bars, as shown in Figures 4 and 5. The `end walls of the combustion chamber areformed by slabs, 51, of refractory material, heldin position by pairs of vertically disposed angle irons, 52. Referring to Figure 4, .each pair of ksaid holding bars, 52, is secured to uppeiuand lower horizontal angle bars, 49, 50, by .means of gussets 53, and rivets, Thisassembled' frame rests upon three horizontal sheet metal shelves, 57, 58. rlhe end slabs, 5l, just mentioned, are inserted from above between the four pairs of` holding bars, :and said end slabs are spacedinwardly from the outer end walls of the sfurnace.

VReferring to Figures 4 and 6, a pluraii'v off adjustable draft apertures, as 59, are provided in the lower yportion of one of the end slabs, 5l. As shown, ya sheet metall plate, (30, is Yixedly mounted in an opening in the slab, 5l, said plate being` provided with a series of ports, 59. A slidable gate or valve, 6l, having ports registrable with ports, 59, is mounted in contact with plate, GO, and is movable by means of a rod, 62, seen on Figure G. This valve is opened when starting fire, but is normally closed. Figure 7 showsa `vertical section of the lower portion of this valve. The guides for said valve may-be constructed in anysuitable form.

The arrangementin plan of the aforesaid shelves 57, 58, is shown in Figure 5. There are three of these, ail being supported by angle bar brackets, 63, riveted to walls 30 at 64, although if preferred the bars, 63may be supported on the lend walls, 22, 25 to avoid the chance of leakage of coal gas through perforations in the side wall, 30. The large intermediate plate, 58, -is located midway between the end walls, 22, 25. The two shelves, 57, are located at the ends of the irebox, and meet the end walls thereof. Two large rapa-65, for upward passage of air, are provided between said shelves. One ofY said gaps maybe-reduced, or fully closed, by means of a horizontally slidable cover, G6, resting on one side of plate, 58, and provided with a push-and-pull rod, G7, passing` through the walls, 5l, 22, to the exterior, where it is provided with a'handle, 68. This slidable cover is at the same end of the firebox as the valve, Gl.

As shown, the shelves, 57, 58, are made of imperforate sheet metal. Perforated. or corrugated plate-might be employed instead. Spaceda few inches below said shelves are the two grates. These are spaced `apart as shown, and each grate consists of a set of parallel metal bars, ('59, connected by tie bolts, 70, (with spacing collars, 7l). The tie bolts are supported by longitudinal angle bars, 72, which may be attached to brackets, 7 3 secured to the firebox walls, 30, as shown in Figure .(3, or vpreferred the brackets, may be fastened to the end walls to avoid perforating the sidey walls, 80. For yeach grate, I. provide a rake, constructed in the present instance of a transversely disposed bar. 74, desirably of angular section, resting upon the grate, and provided with teeth, 75, projecting down between the grate bars. Each rake is attached to an operatingrod, 75, which passes through the end walls of the furnace, and is formed with a bent end, 77, for a handle. As shown in Figure 4, each ashpan, 78, is sufiiciently long to extend some inches, perhaps .a foot, beyond both ends of the adjacent grate. Just below the ends ofthe grate, l provide the pan with vertical partitions, 79, which divide the pan into three compartments, the largest of which receives the ashes, etc., that fall through the superposed grate. T he smaller compartments in the ends of each pan will receive the coarse vunburned mattei' that is pushed olf the superposed grate by to-andfro motion ci.' the rake 74. By this` construction of the ashpans, the fine ash and elinkers are automatically separated from the liner waste material. The coarse material received in the small compartments may include .pieces rof partly consumed c oal, and if there be enough of this in the mass, it may be fed back into fthe firebox for economy.

From the description and drawings, it will be understood that the furnace may be taken down and the parts packed closely together for shipping long distances. 4The outer end walls would be shipped assembled,vtheyibeing narrow relatively to height. The side walls, being divisible into sections, may be so divided 'for shipment. It may be understood that for convenience of manufacture the side walls, 30, and top wall, 44, of the inner shell may be formed separate sheets welded together at their meeting-edges or otherwise fastened, but the prime requisite of this structure is that it shall be gas tight so as to prevent the escape of coal gas from the fire chamber Vinto the air space which is formed between the inner and outer walls of the furnace.

All the parts of this furnace may be assembled by vunskilled labor. The shipping weight of the parts will be very light. The absence of castings in its construction is a factor in the economy of manufacture. The grate bars may be made from commercial bar stock.

l'noperation the shelves provide a reservoir for coal or like fuels and such fuel as may tend to remain unburned upon saidA shelves may be pushed over openings above the grates as required for use. To acilitate starting a re, the gate Valve, 6l, will be opened, thus securing a more direct draft; but after the fire is well started said valve may be closed so as to torce the heated air and products of combustion to flow lirst upwardly and lill the inner shell before passing down back of the baille wall, l, and out through the smoke pipe, 12.

It will be evident that although I have shown and described a structure specilically adapted to operate as a hot air heating fur nace, many features of the construction will lend themselves readily to use in a hot water o-r steam system. In fact it will require little more than the addition ot staybolts to transform the air space between the walls, 21 and 30, into a boiler or water jacket. Clearly the construction of the grates and other features of the tire box itself need not be modified if the plant is designed for steam or hot water.

I claim:

1. In a furnace, the combination of grate bars arranged in a horizontal plane and permanently mounted horizontal plates spaced above said grate bars and spaced apart in their plane to leave an opening directly above said grate bars and giving access thereto.

2. In a furnace, the combination of grate bars disposed in a horizontal plane with fuel supporting plates permanently mounted in a horizontal plane at a distance above said grate bars, said plates being spaced apart "in their plane to form an opening giving direct access to the bars, and said bars extending under the plates.

3. In a furnace, the combination of a set of parallel grate bars extending in a horizontal plane, and fuel-supporting plates disposed in a plane above said bars with an opening between the plates which uncovers the bars for a portion ot their lengtln'said bars terminating beyond the margins of the opening; together with a transverse balr resting upon parallel grate bars, and means for moving said transverse bar longitudinally of the grate bars over substantially their full length for discharging material between them and beyond their ends.

t. In a furnace, fuel supporting means comprising horizontal plates spaced apart in their plane to form two separated openings, grate bars spaced below the plates and extending underboth openings and a slidable plate for covering one of said openings at will. y

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand at Chicago, Illinois, this 18th day of August, 1922.

LOUIS A. SANFORD. 

